Zvinoenderana nemaitiro ekugadzira emhando dzematurusi emuchina, maturusi emuchina akakamurwa kuita zvikamu gumi nerimwe: lathes, muchina wekuchera, muchina unofinha, muchina wekugaya, magiya ekugadzira magiya, muchina wekurutsa, muchina wekugaya, planer slotting machine, machini ekubhuroka, muchina wekucheka nezvimwe. muchina zvishandiso.Mune imwe neimwe mhando yemuchina wemuchina, yakakamurwa kuita mapoka akati wandei zvichienderana nehurongwa hwekuita, rudzi rwekuronga uye kuita kwemaitiro, uye boka rega rega rakakamurwa kuita akati wandei.Asi hupfu hwegoridhe hunoziva here nhoroondo yebudiriro yezvishandiso zvemuchina izvi?Nhasi, mupepeti achataura newe nezvenyaya dzenhoroondo dzevarongi, magrinder, uye madhiri.
1. Murongi
Muchigadziro chekugadzira, zvinhu zvakawanda zvinowanzoenderana uye zvakabatanidzwa: kuitira kugadzira injini yemhepo, rubatsiro rwemushini unofinha unodiwa;mushure mekugadzirwa kweinjini yemhepo, gantry planer inodanwa zvakare maererano nezvinodiwa zvemaitiro.Zvinogona kutaurwa kuti ndiko kugadzirwa kweinjini yemhepo yakakonzera kugadzirwa nekuvandudzwa kwe "muchina wekushanda" kubva kumichina inofinha uye lathes kune gantry planers.Kutaura zvazviri, mupurani i“ndege” inoronga simbi.
1. Gantry planer yekugadzirisa ndege huru (1839) Nekuda kwekudiwa kwekugadzirisa ndege kwezvigaro zvevhavhavha yemhepo, nyanzvi dzakawanda dzakatanga kudzidza chikamu ichi kubva pakutanga kwezana remakore rechi19, kusanganisira Richard Robert, Richard Pula Special, James Fox uye Joseph Clement, nezvimwewo, vakatanga muna 1814 uye vakazvimiririra vakagadzira gantry planer mukati memakore makumi maviri nemashanu.Iyi gantry planer ndeyekugadzirisa chinhu chakagadziriswa papuratifomu inodzokorora, uye mugadziri anocheka rutivi rumwe rwechinhu chakagadziriswa.Nekudaro, iyi planer haina banga rekudyisa mudziyo, uye iri munzira yekushandura kubva ku "chombo" kuita "muchina".Muna 1839, mumwe murume wekuBritain anonzi Bodmer akazogadzira gantry planer ine banga rekudyisa.
2. Planer yekugadzirisa zvikamu Mumwe murungu, Neismith, akagadzira uye akagadzira planer yekugadzirisa zvikamu mukati memakore makumi mana kubva muna 1831. Inogona kugadzirisa chinhu chakagadziriswa pamubhedha, uye chimbo chinofamba chichienda mberi nekudzoka.
Kubva panguva iyo, nekuda kwekuvandudzwa kwezvishandiso uye kubuda kwemagetsi emagetsi, gantry planers yakagadziridzwa munzira yekucheka-kumhanya kwepamusoro uye kururamisa kwepamusoro kune rumwe rutivi, uye mukutungamira kwekukura kukuru kune rumwe rutivi.
2. Mukuya
Kukuya inzira yekare yaizivikanwa nevanhu kubvira kare.Iyi nzira yakashandiswa kukuya maturusi ematombo muPaleolithic Age.Gare gare, nekushandiswa kwemidziyo yesimbi, kuvandudzwa kwemichina yekukuya yakasimudzirwa.Nekudaro, dhizaini yemuchina chaiwo wekukuya ichiri chinhu chazvino.Kunyangwe mukutanga kwezana ramakore rechi 19, vanhu vachiri kushandisa dombo rekukuya rechisikigo kuita kuti ribatane neworkpiece yekukuya.
1. Muguyo wekutanga (1864) Muna 1864, United States yakagadzira ginda rekutanga pasi rose, chinova mudziyo unoisa vhiri pachibatiso chesiraidhi chelathe uye chinoita kuti ive ne automatic transmission.Pashure pemakore 12, Brown ari kuUnited States akagadzira ginder yepasi rose iri pedyo neguyo remazuva ano.
2. Guyo rekugadzira - kuberekwa kwekukuya (1892) Kudiwa kweguyo rekugadzira kunomukawo.Nzira yekugadzira dombo reguyo rinonyanya kupfeka-kusagadzikana kupfuura guyo rechisikigo?Muna 1892, American Acheson yakabudirira kuedza-yakagadzirwa nesilicon carbide yakagadzirwa necoke nejecha, inova guyo rekugadzira rava kunzi C abrasive;makore maviri gare gare, A abrasive nealumina sechinhu chikuru chakaitwa muyedzo.Kubudirira, nenzira iyi, muchina wekukuya wakashandiswa zvakanyanya.
Gare gare, nekuda kwekumwe kuvandudzwa kwemabearings uye njanji yekutungamira, iko kurongeka kweguyo kwakakwira nekukwira, uye kwakagadziridzwa munzira yehunyanzvi.Zvigayo zvemukati, zviguyo zvepamusoro, zviguyo, magiya ekukuya, zviguyo zvepasi rose, nezvimwe.
3. Kuchera muchina
1. Muchina wekare wekuchera - "bow and reel" tekinoroji yekuchera ine nhoroondo refu.Vanochera matongo vave kuona kuti mudziyo wekubaya makomba wakagadzirwa nevanhu muna 4000 BC.Vechinyakare vaigadzika danda pamitsipa miviri, vozoturika musero unotenderedzwa pasi kubva padanda, vobva vasunga musuva netambo yeuta kuti musuva utenderere, kuti maburi arove pamatanda nematombo.Nenguva isipi, vanhu vakagadzirawo mudziyo wekubaya unonzi “roller vhiri”, wakashandisawo tambo yakatsetseka kuita kuti awl itenderere.
2. Muchina wekuchera wekutanga (Whitworth, 1862) wakanga uri muna 1850, uye Martignoni yeGermany yakatanga kugadzira chibooreso chekuchera simbi;paInternational Exposition yakaitirwa muLondon, England muna 1862, The British Whitworth yakaratidza muchina wokudhinda waifambiswa nekabhati yesimbi inofambiswa nesimba, iyo yakazova muenzaniso wemuchina wokudhinda wemazuva ano.
Kubva ipapo, michina yekuchera yakasiyana-siyana yakaonekwa imwe mushure meimwe, kusanganisira michina yekuchera radial, michina yekuchera ine otomatiki feed masisitimu, uye akawanda-axis ekuchera makomba anogona panguva imwe chete kuchera makomba akawanda panguva imwe.Nekuda kwekuvandudzwa kwezvinhu zvekushandisa uye mabhiti ekudhirowa, uye kuunzwa kwemamota emagetsi, michina mikuru, ine simba repamusoro-soro yakazogadzirwa.
Nguva yekutumira: Jun-13-2022